Alpha and Beta

Hemant Soren’s unlikely rise to power in Jharkhand

30 December 2019
On 29 December, Hemant was sworn in as the eleventh chief minister of Jharkhand, after leading the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha to its biggest electoral victory yet.
Diwakar Prasad / Hindustan Times / Getty Images
On 29 December, Hemant was sworn in as the eleventh chief minister of Jharkhand, after leading the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha to its biggest electoral victory yet.
Diwakar Prasad / Hindustan Times / Getty Images

One morning in December, Hemant Soren stepped out of his father’s house in Jharkhand’s Dumka district, dressed in a brown kurta and white pyjamas, to address a series of election rallies in the rural areas of Santhal Pargana. While speaking with women tribal volunteers, Hemant suddenly remembered that he had forgotten his gamcha—a red and white scarf—and went back inside to get it. He returned with the gamcha, and with his forehead now smeared with a vermilion teeka. The next day, when Hemant was holding a roadshow cum padyatra in Dumka’s market area, he wore a green jacket and jeans—once again, sporting a big teeka.

The contrasting appearances, tailored towards the sentiments of his respective audiences, are a small glimpse into Hemant’s growth as a political leader. He knew his voters. He understood that the urban voters were likely to swayed by the Bharatiya Janata Party’s Hindutva-centred election campaign, and the teeka and attire could appeal to them. Meanwhile, the gamcha was portrayed as a part of his identity when addressing rallies in rural landscapes. The Santhal Pargana comprises a large proportion of tribal voters and has traditionally been a stronghold of Hemant’s party, the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.

Hemant Soren’s journey has been far from plain sailing. In 2009, Hemant was compelled to join politics full time by the untimely death of his elder brother, Durga. He became the new face of the JMM and the successor to the legacy of the veteran politician and party patriarch, Shibu Soren. Through this journey, Hemant has occupied several positions—a Rajya Sabha member, a member of legislative assembly from Dumka, the deputy chief minister, and briefly served as the ninth chief minister of Jharkhand, in 2013.

Keywords: Shibu Soren Jharkhand tribal politics Adivasis Hemant Soren Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Assembly elections 2019
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