By Muhammadi Begum (1877-1908)
Translated, with additional material, by CM Naim
A translation of Hayat-e Ashraf—the editor and writer Muhammadi Begum’s biography of the nineteenth-century teacher Ashrafunnisa Begum. It explores her life in Bijnor and teaching in Lahore, how she taught herself to read and write in secret, and more.
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